CLASS OFFICERS AND SPCNSORERS FRESHMEN-Officers Sponsorers- Presideiit-Nema Hogsed Mr. O'Rielly Vice President-Robert Clark Mrs. Sanders Secretary-Nellie Walters . Treasurer-Frank Bolton SOPHOMORE-Officers Sponsorers- President-Adam Bearcub Miss Hoffmann Vice President-Katie Bell . Mr. McKinney Secretary-John obell Treasurer- irlene Bingham JUNIOR-Officers Sponsorers- President-Charles Farron Mr. Mason Vice President-Edward .nrchambeau Miss Wentzel Secretary-Treasurer-Rosemary Young Cheer Leader-Lincoln Jamison Song Leader-Florence Booth SENIOR-Officers Sponsorers- President-James Gerard Miss Cruise Vice President-Zena Hogsed Mrs. James Secretary-Margaret .arcasa Mr. Thomas Treasuerea- Boys -Roy Pepion Girls'-Wilma Yellowrobe Date of election October 11, 1937 32 gt; 00888 8tfc gt; : T -T CBTsUKd This being fundamentally an educetlocal lnetltutlon, it was fslt seas years ego test It would be well to determine end sake known the outstanding etudente eeeh month. These students are deslmsted ee Honor Studente and their naass are publicbed la our weekly eehool paper The Cheaswe awarlasas To be placed on the honor roll any month, a student oust maintain an average grate for that month in all subjects, vocetlonal end academic, of not lose then 90, with no ..-rt.de below 65 end auet have a grade not lower then 80 in deportment Deportment neons conduct everywhere. The Klgh onor List Includes those who cow ly lth the above requirements end have no grate below 90. V Y CODE OF HCMCR Ths following cods of honor was made by the students of the school, in their home rooms, and sach student is requested to study the code faithfully and to observs its principals. CHEMAWA STUDENTS SHALL BE 1. Clean In clothing, body, mind, and speech. 2. Courtsous In looks, words and manner. 3. Honest Being never a liar, thief or, sneak. 4* Dependable In work, study, and play, and prompt to meet all assignments. 5* Industrious Energetically tackling and accomplishing ths job whsther it be in the shop, school, or dormitory* 6. Sincerity of Purpose To observe faithfully all rules and regulations of the school and to obey courteously all requests of employees* 7. Protection or Prone-ty To handle with due respsct end cere ell property of the school such as books, desks, and equipment in general, and to repair or replace all damaged articles* 8. Bounds To remain within bounds at all times whsther the bounds be ths campus walks or the dormitory* / 10 J 06 gt; SALSM INDIAN SCHOOL Chemawa, Oregon June 11, 1936. TO ALL EMPLOYEES: Enclosed is a copy of student regulations that will apply during this summer. As a net* policy at Chemawa, starting from this date, every employee of the school is expected to assist in the enforcement of these regulations. It is your responsibility when you a see a student violating the rules to speak immediately to that student about the violation. Students will be expected to honor and respect your reminding them of what they may be doing that is out of order. We expect full cooperation of all employees in this matter. Yours very truly, PAUL T. JACKSON, Superintendent. PTJ:evg. * I J A IIEJtlT is a reward and uay be earned b./: Group leaders Doing a good turn Volunteering to do work Perfect school and dormitory record for one month Representing the School in a creditable manner A MERIT earned will add 10 points to a student's record. A DEMBiaT is a maxk against and 10 points off a student's record. A DEIERIT will consist of one-half hour of work. BOYS' gc GIRLS' DORI.HTQRY HBGUL TIONS Care of Rooms. 1, T tore shall be orderly conduct in the building no scuffling or rough-housing in rooms or halls. This includes ball playing,, shouting or vulgar language. 2, All students shall use back door and stairway, o. Ho smoking in the dormitory. 4. ho changing of room without matron's consent, 5. No changing of furniture without matron's coneent, 6. Girls' beds shall be : ade eacn morning before breakfast. Boys' beds shall be made white each morning before breakfast. 7. Hooks shall be swept, polished and dusted before 8 a.m. each morning and left in Tood order at noon. This means that all clothing shall bo put away and beds left made, 8. No Ethletio equipment snail be kept in students' rooms. 9. ho food or dishes shall be carried to the students* rooms from the dining hall or oahery. 10. No trash shall be thrown from windows or left in hallways. M -. ;V? * * - ' 1 V -2- N* ,, ,w , .-*.,. H*. . ny nrop rty-damaged by erfridnnts must be paid.for. 12* Girls may use Winona Hall kitOpens* t lt; for candy making, etc,, on Friday and Sarturday nights. Kitohxarette must be left in good, order. Any loss- of wquipwftnt, breakage, etc., must be paid for. ' : B. Daily gt;*9cha4ale 6:00 a.m. Rising b*5ll. All students .shall arise-,..,prepare for. breakfast, and put rooms in order. 6*40 Students line up for breakfast roll-call. 7:15 Dormitory details report for work. Boys report to hospital for minor ailnienta, using walk by depot. 7:45 Girls report to hospital for minor ailments. 8:00 Boys must have completed dormitory work and report. to shop for work. Girls must have completed dormitory work and report for school. 8:30 Students report Co classroom. 11:50 Students line up for dinner. 1:00 p.m. Students report to school and work. 4:00 Demerit students report for work. Recreation hour for those free from demerits. 4-5 Library open for girls. 5:20 Supper line-up and roll call. 6-7 Library open for boys. 7:20 Prepare for study hour. '7:30 Study hour. Students must be in their rooms unless they have passes to be elsewhere. b I . -3- *Bt30 * Recreation bell. Prepare to retire. '8:55 Bed check. Students must bo-in their rcoms. 9:00 p.m. Lights but. C. 3undays and holidays exceptions. . 6:15 a.m. Students will ari3e and get clean.shan'ts-on Sunday. 7:10 Students line up for breakfast roll-call* 7-. 45 Dcmitory details report for work. 9:00 Inspection. .Ill students must be in their rooms and at attention. 9:30 Church line-up. 4:50 p.m. Supper line-up and roll-call. 6:45 Sunday Chapel line-up. 7:00 p.m. Chapel. SOCLaL H0DH A SOCIAL HOTJK is urovided so that boys and girls may visit together. A. Time. ' 1. Each T /ednesday afternoon from 4 to 5 p.m. 2. Each Sunday afternoon from 12:30 to 4 p.m. 3, Each Friday and Saturday evening in Winona Hall, provided there is nothing going on. B. Place. 1. The afternoon visiting hours will take place outside, if weather permits, in he area bounded on the South by Brewer- Hall, on the West by the Dining Ilallf on the North by the Employees' Club'(f-xoeption: Vhon boys and girls are playing tennis), on the East by the front of-the High School building. ' 2. If the weather will not permit out-of-docr visiting, boys may visit at Winona Hall by securing a pass. 3. There shall be no visiting through the Winona Hall windows. 4. Boys and girls may play tennis together during social hour only. i SESSSs 3.3SE. 23 A. Athletic Contests: 1. Boys shall sit on the-West side of the Gym at all athletic contests. Girls shall 'sit on the East side of the Gym at all athletic contests. ' 2, At the end of the contest boys will remain in the Gym until the girls and their chaperones, have left. B. Dances. 1. All dances and parties begin at 7:15 p.m. and close at 10:30, 2. All students must remain in the Gym until the end of the dance. 3. At the end of the dance, boys will remain in the Gym until the girls and their chaperones have left. ACTr/ITIES ON fIHE ATHLETIC FIELD 1. At all athletic contests and games held on the athletic field the girls shall ait on the bleachers on the North side of the field and the boys on the bleachers on the West side. Exception: xVt football games and track meets the girls' bleachers will be located on the West side. STORE HOURS Boys: Boys are free to go to the store at any time except from 4 to 5 p.m. on weekdays. Boys must not trespass or loiter by the depot or about school building a.t this time. ,, Girls: Girls are free to go to the store betvreen 4 and 5 pirn, each weekday. On. Sunday the store hours will be between 12:30 and 4 p.m. During the Wednesday and Sunday afternoon social hours boys and girls may go to. .the' store together. . , . -5- GENERAL CAUP03 RULES 1. Ev ery other Saturday will be girls' town day. Arrangements. ' must be made with the girls1 Advisor. 2. Boys may secure passes to go to town on alternato Saturdays, 3. All students shall attend Chapel en Sunday evenings. 4. Any student who brings liquor to the campus or cones en the aampus under the influence of liojuor shall have his punishment meted out by the Superintendent. And any student accompanying OX shielding the offending student shall be dealt with similarly. 5. All students shall attend classes regularly unless excused on Adviser's or Doctor's orders. (12 demerits for first offense' without excuse, second cut dismissed from school by Superintendent.) Date I have read carefully the foregoing rules and regulations of Chemaw. , and if admitted to the School promise to observe faithfully these regulations. Signed - - - These rules have been approved and authorized by EajrjL*. Superintendent. *b I --. OK thr sonar y . i: Ootohar 1, 1937 1* The scrip syatea sill go Into effect October 4, 1937, In a revised forau 2. Seen employee to keep s record of the hourc and wanes paid. :ach eaployee lc to be hie own pnynastsr* 3. The rate of pay is 20V per hour for ell work d ne. So difference in wages, but for poor work dona a out oca bo aado in the amount of time credited. 4. Boys* averages' earnings will be 108 for four weeks or 21.60 each pay day. 5. Boyc* estimated fixed expenditures for four weeks will be ae follows: Board. 10.00 Haircuts,,..... .70 Laundry*. 3.00 Total .. 20.70 6. Eetlanted average savings for every boy is 90* for four weeks. 7. This earning can be inoreaecd by work Saturday afternoons and after 0 o*oloek. The rate of pay will be the eaae 80* an hour for all duties. 8. Girls* estimated earnings for four weeks will be 100 hours or 30.00. Kstlasted fixed expenditures for four weeks will be: Board 18.00 Blnger rare.... .00 Total....... 118.50 9. Istlaated average girlc* covings ere 11.90 for four weeks. 10. etudente* tias should be submitted to the yayaestar two days before pay day. These last two dayc will be carries' over to the next snath. 11. First semester pay days will ho as followc: Koveaber 3 1 IB (s weeks) IB. Pay day. hank day. draw day, will all he on the eeaa day. 13. Once each four weeks at the time the etudents are paid they will deposit their savings with their visors Urs. Banner in Brewer, Mrs. Cassutt in inoaa. and hV Biokerd In j iRery, who will be the bankers for their sewings account. ti JUBJSOT FOR THOUGHT XX HAMDLIMO STUDENT FROBL1H8 Too much talking and not enough 11stoning* Wish-fulfillment of childhood. HOW w79HX8 WORE How we compliment ourselves. Boa ao fool ourselves. Wlehea to avoid the unpleasant. To control conduct is to control wlshoo. Wo oontrol wishes In proportion aa as know the child and ara aataaaad by him. The more aa adviser Is esteemed the greater is her responsibility. MAXIMO A HOMAM APPXAL lis the human factors often overlooked. Appeals that ara personal. Comradeship of student and employoe. The Majesty of being a loader. THS XslPLOYXX A 3ALE3MAH Salaaaanahlp Is overcoming prejudices. Qood sailing builds on baalo interests. What the student likao moot may not ba of greatest value to him. aalaaaanahlp in supervision. LXARNINO MORALS Transfer of feelings. Military morale. Motivating morale. How school morale can ba promoted. Human virtues favoring morale. Morale-makers boost the other follow. Successful supervision presup oses good morale of personnel. How ve often destroy learning morale. The student should ba assured that ho oan learn bio lesson, anon learning tasks are definite. A V PuTTCSHWEXTS AXO REWARDS Whan prizes and rewards ara wrong. Justification of punishment. The law of offoot. Foolish means of punishment. Certainty of unpunishaents. Inconsistency in punlshement. Punishment often too mild and too frequent. loppy attitude promotoo learning. Praise and reproof. Superiority of praise. Ratio of effort to ability. oaucce of dleorepaaoy between achievement ability. RIYALKT A3 A MOTIVATING MXAXX Why rivalry motivates. Rivalry onlarges self-awareness. Virtue of group rivalry. Graphs aa means of stimulating rivalry. Other factors in group rivalry. Individual rivalry rarely justified. Seek rivalry in improvement rather than in mora achievement. Make the objectives definite. JXALOUSY Mature of jealousy. Universality of jealousy. Preventing jealousy by distribution of attention. Teachers and parents often cause Jealousies. Preventing jealousy of students and employees, by right distribution of approval. HOW WX ARX CIRCUMSCRIBED IX WHAT WX OAX RXSPOXD TO. Unreliability of do mltory observations. Experimental evidence. Observation is a epeolalised process in terms of lntsrect. Shall ve hope to train in power of observation? Employees need to acquire aider interests. Xaployoos should stimulate in students wider interests. Sense-training in perceiving sound of voice. Sanaa-training in perceiving small differencoe. Wo perooive only what we respond to. Exposure to situations no guarantee of their comprehonssw Wo guide in observation as as guide specific attitudes* 1 . V RSSP0X3X IXDEPXHDXMT OF OUR WILL TO OOUKTER TO IT Our nervous system selects what wo shall attend to. Evidence of nonoonscious comprehension. Meaning of the subconscious. type* of subconscious ph Forgetting the unpleasant. Forgetting familiar names. IXTUITIOX Psyoho-analysls. Xonconscious learning. PURPOSIVX ATTXXTIG The will to learn. Conflict of Ideals with native Interests and distractions. Mara continuous voluntary attention ineffective. Adaptation to distractions. Avoid being a dlstmotor. Xaato hazardous to a good learning attitude. Duration of attention. Span of attention* Aoquired habits of purposive inattention. Motivating habits of concentration. IMAGIXATIOX Leaders of the world have manifested keen imagination. Reproductive imagination. Constructive imagination. Most school work consists in manipulating images. Source of our creative images. Nothing unusual about childish fancies. X AXD DRAMATISATION Suooeasful dramatization is spontaneous. Child*s activity not aeroly for activity s sake. Play motivated by desire for now experiences. Oraatlon and Its joy. Art appreciation and creation. ***r 0RXATIVXXX33 AXD IMITATIOX Originality. IMITATIOX IX OOXTROL OF COXDUOT Imitation. Unconscious Imitation* The child Imitates most those ha admires most. Influence of children*s companions, books, and heroes. XMOTIOXS The amotion of joy and its value. Inhibitory affect of fear and anger. Emotions remove one from monotony. Emotions may impair efficiency. Avoid stirring up amotions to no useful snds. Son education a matter of training in right attitudes. Emotion relative to adoloaoanoo. Adolescent conduct and control. Significance of adolescence. Ills from adolescent fears. How these fears nay be overcome. Teaching Ideals of service and self-sacrifice. istioa aa a means toward emotional control. Tantrums. Whan the student is misunderstood. Hon to prevent tantrums. The adult bully. FEARS Special fears not native. Dangers from fear stories. Joy appeal ve. the morbid appeal. Fear appeal in religion* Sorrows of childhood. Childhood fears In later life. Fears and physical defeote* Suggested remedies* Inferiority complex. Peroonallty vs* fear*. Facility In speech promotes eelf-oonfldence. More skills and knowledge means more self-confidence* Reiteration. Some fears are valuable* f gt;V / CONTROL OF CONDUCT BY Meaning of suggestion* To control conduct is to control attention. Whan suggestions are successful Continuous attention results in action. The take-it-for-granted suggestion. nggost no doubts. SuggestIons by the standards which are set. Suggestions by unconscious standards. Our standards of conduct set by our heroes. We are apt to apply negative suggestion unconsciously. Suggeetion by substitution* Positive suggestion of virtues vs. negative suggestion Suggestions in relation to public health. Suggestions in relation to nurse and doctor. Take account of the sense of personal value. Keep before the student the image of what he ought to be* HEALTH AXD RELAXATION Malnutrition. Calm ve. excitement. High tension of adults* Some erases of nigh onaensewV Self-aatiafaotlon from seeming to be too busy an Irritant to others. What are ve doing to train for enjoyment of leisure time? Cultivating the sense of humor* TRAINING FOR LIXABLXWK33 AXD LEADERSHIP itlag personality by effective self-expression* personality through skills and breadth of Information. Other means of learning to be likable. Good sportsmanship* Meeting the problems* MORAL CONTROL Moral guidance. Possibilities of moral guidance in eehool* The curriculum and moral guidance* Extracurricular activities. Methods and morals* How ve motivate mental Immorality. Morals in appeal to rivalry. The sense od duty. Most of our conduct Independent of a eense of ought* Specifio fields for moral training. Mow keeping a promise. l Children*s lies. Loyalty. Moral guidance ohiefly a personal matter. Religion and character* Choice of the easy not the best. This sense of responsibility fundamentally is a problem of democracy. Duty and action. When a reminder of one's duty does him damage. Do not exaot from ohildren futile promises and choices. Training in habits of making and executing plane. There is no use in trying to fool ourselves, on complimenting ourselves with the fact that while we have some power and authority that the other fellow also has his share of fooling and complimenting.* In this day and age ws are constantly reminded that if wo are to be of any influence to students under our oontrol it le absolutely necessary that our conduot be above reproach. As the students of today ars quicker to eee nam our faults and are more prone to tell us of them. We must teach by example as wsll as by practice. Ths above suggestions are taken from The Learner And His Attitude by Myers, head of the department of psychology, Cleveland School of Education, and published by Benj. H. Sanborn And Company. This book breaks away from the tradional mode of discussing human behavior. Without employing technical terms but by means of very simple discussion of commonplace experiences in the home and in the school, and to load ths reader to arrive at the basic prinoiplss in the oontrol of conduot. lt;r K IXDZaJI SCHOOL Cheacec, Oregon January 87, 1937 Mrs. Cascutt Mr. RicWard Mies Cruiee Mr* Saowalter Mrs. Crcnk Will yon plccee Instruct studentc in your charge te use the sidewalkc instead of tsklm shortcuts ease olng shoot the earssttc* Thai will net only allow the lawn to bo uatraamled but, and or greater l port* gt;nee, will keen the etudente fro* walking tnrousjb enow or and and gottln their shoeo wet* te went to take every precaution sfainct s recurrence of the flu epedcale. riea e pace thie cork along to ess loyeee in your department Co tbst everyone nay know t gt; Oca lnstructlonc* Your cooperation 0111 be afpreciated* Paul W* Jackson, Superintendent. by Ches. I* Larsen I oaf Senior Clerk. v i a 1MDIAN OlHOt.L chcaccc, Orepoa February 5, 1987 TO ALL SMPIOYESSI Is order to systematize end cake acre efficient the el lceuing ef eupppiee from the Ccsmisscry, we ere designating Friday morning from 9 until 11:90 es the time for lceuing oil commissary cupplies. Mr* Leee lc instructed not to ieeue supplies on any day or tine excpt Friday aoming from 0 until 11:30. Any requests for supplies muet be turned in to the nels office on the regular requleltlon form net later than the Thuredey prcccdiage *e aifdit juct ee well do away with the neeesslt; of employees cosint to the Cccmiesary Friday oornln, to sat cupplies* We ssk your 100* cooperation in thiamstter* Mr* Hudson*8 Bcadquartcro oOgianlng from thie date Mr* liudaon will have hie head* quartern in the sain office* any roqueete for dr yara or eelal trucking service or opcclcl work in connection eith Lie dutie should be node to the main office here be will receive his Instructions. gt;ay requeote loft et the main office will be relayed to *T. ludnon. He clll report to the Property Clerk*c office. Thie cyctem will coordinate the activities of dreyege cork et the Institution. Pleofte lot the office know of ell requests for hie cervices. Very truly yours, Paul 1. jacxsom, I fj/tar auperlntandent. v April 10, 1937 Mr* Rickerd Mr* Lanxard Superintendent Jackson's request has been that etudente be on time et the dininr hall for ell seals. There ehould be no dcley in arriving st the dinlnp hell and both hoya and rirle should arrive at the easts tine eo t at there will be no waits or delays. It is just ss bad to arrive too early he It is too lots. There Is no reason why they ehould not arrive together. The girls in the dining hell have juet eo much time to finish their work after meals end it is important that the male begin and be dismissed et c repuler time. Hothln; ehould Interfere with thie program. nnounce- its should be mode other V an at mealtime* Thie refere also to the boys on the baseball team coming in late after practice. Time ehould he given the boyc to change from bassbell uniforms to their own clothing in plenty of time to make llao*up. Thie eAco holde good for cbepel cervices on Sunday nlf There should bs no delays. If possible beys and iris elll leave their respective buildlnge st ststed tlmee to get then to the dining room et the came time. Setter results elll be obtained b all concerned* Toure very truly, Charleo B. Lereen clV senior Clark. lt;* M IMD1.M SCHOOL Cheaewa, Oregon AOgUCt 17, 102? Mr* Rickerd Miss sencnckl Pr Tipton Because we have quite e few email children on the and elll fee receiving mors by the time school opens, yon are direct* ed to *i.rn the children, cepeelelly the smeller oaee, about the denger of being around the rallrcsd track* These trains come throui'h. hero et s terrific specs and it could be en irreparable tragedy if one of our children ehould aeet with an acrid nt on the track. Please earn the young*tare to not lay on the track or near tho track cd to look both lt; gt;ys before they croee the track* te cannot be too careful In exercising evey precaution to ccfaguard the lives of oaf children* They will need to be reminded of thie from time to time* One ennottttotssant of thie lc not adequate. It should be repeated to them et least once a week* All infractioae of this rule she Id be checked ismediatcly end the children proper imprcseed with the danger they arc inviting by their eareleecncAC* Tours in sefety of our children* Paul T* Jut*son. Superintendent. W/dmr *C*Uro. X*I* swink, 8. P. Agent, Chemawa, Oregon S.U IBUlAN SCHOOL Chemawa, Oregon September 8, 1S37 Hr. Hiokard Mrs* Caecutt la order to fully safeguard our students ee ere coking feet you eee that the following instructions are carried cut in the matter of partlec, danoee, game*, etc., at the gym thie eehool 1* Mo student le to leave the gyn during the time of the activity. (Occasional exceptions say be ade to thie only whci ttic student, for a eog reeaee, need* to leave the . lt; ya and In the eese the ctaoent muet firct ce k your peralesion*) 8* Otaiaronn should (.eoajpuny the students to the gym end return with the etudente beck to the building. (If, in the opinion of the dvieor, the chaperons can be of greater eervlce by remaining in the building rather than remeinlnr in the gya the ehcperonc cay remain in the building in charge while the Advieor lc in the gym* 3. te eat eves* student to at eat partleu, dances, game , etc* (la esse a student is lndis oeed ths Advieor may e-cuae them from tfoing but we want practically a 10 per c lt;nt attendence at oar ecclale and athletic contests*) 4* 4* All danoee end partlec are to dose not later than 11 o'clock. (Dances and partie* can olo * earlier if, in the Jaomeant of the dvlscre, ths students are too tired and If Interest lege* 5* The boyc are to occupy one elde of the eym and the rtlrle are to occupy the other elde et athletic games* 0* Cnsperono and itdvlsore are to be active during the dances and partlec to eee that eo many aa possible of the students natively participate in she social* 7* Advisors and Chaperon* are reapoceible for proper conduct in general of the etudente at these affaire* Viola ion or their good conduct le to be handled by the people in charge et that tine* Youre very truly, ce-Cemlck, Gronk PaUL T. J.XrC cN, tfupt. f3cacsmut s.fe*4 . CKnwi War* seasneki, showi iter */ 1 M IHDIAM SCHOOL Chemawa, Oregon Scptmeber 30, 1887 Mre. Kitmniller Vise Vincy Mice aredford Thie vnturday nlfht lc scheduled for the first Protestant and Catholic -Mirtiee* Thie year in order to atendarilne on recueets for rofrenhmsnts from the dining hall we are re lt;tue*tln that yea notify the dining Me* a couple days in advance when yon want refrcfihaentc for tbeee monthly church parties, .vise, in order to equitably distribute available food for couacillng group picnics end church pertlee we are eeklag the diuin, ball to pr vide only eeneVlehes* if tne sac Si -ive yiuag peoples* groups wish to provide thsmselvec semething else you ere privileged to substitute cockles or cup eskes from the bttkery in the piece of eaadaichee to go with whatever the respective groups wish to furnish theneelvee* The rescon for thie limitation is due to the itofn that promiscuous requeete could make on the Support Fund budget* Very truly yours, PAUL T* JV.CK80M 'up rintendent. TJ/fcb eo*Mr* Fourater V April 27, 1936. Mr. Ired I'ickard, Soys Advisor Mrs. Dorothy Osssutt, Girls Advisor Cher *a, Oregon have eeveral policy of tho sc close of the seta should per. iasio this time of ths year ana from now on so oly ta of students to return hone. ;t will be th school to dissourage stuc ths school yea; y cases where there ie e policy of the eehool frozi now until further notice * go hone will neatf the boy or girl ref 1. 8. for le CSS. od to be accomplished 3. Th t have the written recoraaentie the bays or girls tCvisor as the cose say be, e aont this to the Ouperinteudent. Flense notify your students conoer . Do all that you can to discourage reeuests for na rec only worthy cases to return boms. tncourage th is to finish up the school year. Yonrs very * erii ?TJ:eg 102 005 SAltM SCHOOL Chemawa, Oregon May 2, 1936, Mrs. Dorothy Cassutt Chemawa, Oregon Dear Mrs. Cae utt: It is noted that the girls ere in the hebit of t king flowers from various parts of the campus including flowers owned by private parties. The lilac tree back of the Club has been stripped. These flowers were planted to beautify the place and girls are not permitted to pick flowers at will, 'e have a man in charge of the gardens whose duty it is to take care of the grounds including the care of flowers and when flowers are needed reeuests should be made to Mr. Ratzeburg. Please see to it thet the girls do rot olest these flowers and I am calling particular attention to the flowers around the teachers cottage just bee of ': inona Hall. ours very truly, Charles B. Larsen, f-enior Clerk. eg. Circular 2526 Methods of discipline WASHINGTON January 10, 1929 To Superintendents and Other Officers in Charge: Paragraph 76 of the Indian Service School rules provides as follows: quot;All disciplinary measures shall be devised with reference to local and individual needs and on the principle that discipline is reformative. There shall be no cruel or degrading methods of punishment employed quot;. Notwithstanding the fact that this provision has been in the rules for many years, complaints were presented to the Office concerning the punishment of pupils and on February 7, 1924, a circular was issued calling attention to the matter. Since issuing this circular, other complaints have reached the Office and just recently there have been cases of such character as to indicate the need of another and final warning .gainst theuse of improper disciplinary measures. Hereafter, no corporal punishment shall be administered to any Indian pupil and no other means of discipline of a degrading character shall be employed. Superintendents will be held personally responsible for any violation of these instructions and any violetions that may occur will subject the offending part to removal from the Service. Superintendents will issue necessary instructions to emrloyees under their charge* The Superintendent must report to the Office immediately, any violation of these instructions and failure to do so will subject him to removal from the Service. Under the field reorganization, Superintendents will report direct to the Commissioner of Indian Affairs, all matters of importance, including those requiring an investigation. In this connection your attention is invited to Circular No. 2521, dated December 21, 1928. Sincerely yours, CHAS. H. BURKE, Commissioner. P Circular No. 2666. March 20, 1930 Student Control: To All Superintendents: Field correspondence indicates that since the circular of January 10, 1929, on student control was issued, superintendents and employees of Indian schools have found it extremely difficult to maintain satisfactory standards of school discipline. While a majority of the students are largely self-governing and always respond graciously to suggestions relating to individual and school welfare, there are in nearly all schools those who require special methods of discnpline. Usually most of this latter class can be and are reached through the common methods of family and institutional discipline. However, there are, judging by many letters received comparatively recently, boys and girls who are not responsive to the regular means of control. These are the ones who are giving superintendents and employees generally much anxiety, not only because of the difficulty of controlling them, but also because of their influence on other students. Such students must, in the interest of the greatest good to the greatest number, be controlled and at the same time be developed for good citizenship. I fully appreciate that the question you want settled is what methods of control shall be used to accomplish the desired results. The problem of student control is too complex to make it possible to discuss it comprehensively in a letter; therefore, with a very few suggestions, I am disposed to place the responsibility personally upon the superintendents, which action is in line with the general policy of decentralization of authority and resposibility. Certainly those in immediate touch with conditions and circumstances should be capable of acting more intelligently than administrative officials located a thousand miles or more distant. It should be remembered that the best discipline is always self- discipline and that the end to be attained is the development of strong character. Superintendents and their associates in Indian schools stand, in their relationships to students, as parents to their children. They should never forget that fact, and should, in all matters of student control, accept the responsibility as do wise and intelligent parents. When discipline is necessary, they should take time to get all of the facts contributing to the disobedience or the infraction of the regulation. b 1 In many instances, if this is done, there will be no occasion for formal discipline. When necessary, it will be accepted as Just. Punishment should never be inflicted except as a possible means of reformation. It is desired that all junior and senior high schools take up their own problems of management with representative students and faculty and develop a code of desirable behavior which say be printed as a handbook so that each student may be thoroughly cognizant of what is expected of him. The material for this handbook should be submitted to the Office in time for consideration and, if approved, for mimeographing or printing for the opening of schools in September. Instead of thejail formerly maintained by some schools, a quiet room should be provided, one for the boys and one for the girls, (probably in a dormitory building near to an adviser's room) where the offending student may think things over in comfort and self-respect. Books, drawing materials, sewing, or other occupation should be available. The room should not be accesible to other students nor to employees except on permission of the superintendent. Thinking things over alone under proper conditions may restore sanity and good will and cooperation in most cases. If the measures suggested or other similar ones fail to bring about satisfactory results, superintendents are authorized to adopt such emergency measures as may in their Judgment be thought necessary. In each of such cases an immediate detailed report shall be submitted to the Office for its information, consideration, and action. Superintendents must understand that they will be held personally responsible. Please acknowlege by letter the receipt of this circular and also see that copies are posted on bulletin boards for the information of employees and pupils. C. J. RHOADS, Commissioner. Commr. ta jJttBMT C F TBg Office of Indian ffaire circular as* ttfo* cccoiagtas 3, 1*34 Oa tripe te jurisdictions, eat through ecrrecponCeacc occasionally received et tea eahlagtoa Office, I have discovered tbet come Inilen Service off lei Is eat employees* seme mleeloaarlea, end wany Indiana, ere not yet clearly edvlced ee te the policy ef thla office toward Indies religiose express en end tea eerecmalel end cat oaprooclca of Indlane cat the wee ef Indian native I have dlceeveaai that It ettll lc, in eons juriedictlone, believed by ndlens that they east eee saw the pernleelon of the Agency befeae they nay hold denseitor caoalcc of native religiose or of folk significance* There ere Government sehcclc into which no trace of Indies native syw olisn eg ert oa eaef t**xpreselon hoc been penal tted to eater* There ere largo of Indians aba believe that tbele active religious life and Indian culture ie flocoes' upon by the Oevniisccst* If not ectwclly Taw arc directed ta give the widest* moat effective publicity to tale eecanaleatlen and fa tswat 1* ee ea instruction aspersed ins; esy prior reguletlon, toetruction ot* pewotloe* no Interference with ladlca religious ife or eerecmalel exproacion will hereafter be tolerated* The cultural liberty ef ladlcsc la in ell reepcete te be considered equal ta tact ef any nowlndlen roup* nd 1 le desirable tbet ladlono be bl-li m i-fuluent end literate in the hagllsh lessaees cad fluent to their vital, beautiful and efficient native The ladies arts asd erafte ere to be paired, Violations of lav or of the preprletlee, if committed uader the clock ef any religion, InSlen eg ether* oa eny cxlturcl tradition, Indian or ether* ere tw e deelt with eo each* unt ia no ease shell pwclchmente far statutory violationn oa for Impraprietlee e ee eO cloistered ae te eeeatitute en Interfercnee with , er te imply o Chip ever, the religievc e. UXtaral life* ladlac or other* The fullest constitutional liberty* la all aattere effecting religion, conscience end culture* lc insisted en for ell Indiana* In edition* on affirmative, cppreciatlve attitude toward Indian cultural values lc deelred in the Indian Service* herald t. ickee, connleeioner. sccr * 'ry af tre i erlcr OFFICE OF THE SECRETLY Aug. 16, 1934 TO SUPERINTENDENTS, PRINCIPALS AND TEACHERS IN THE INDIAN SERVICE: Commissioner Collier has called my attention to a number of incidents which indicate that mediaeval forms of discipline have not been done away with in some of the Indian schools. Four years ago, corporal punishment in the Indian schools was forbidden by regulation. Since three years ago, at superintendent's conferences and otherwise, that order has been reinforced through explanation and insistence, and it has been made clear that punishments designed publicly to humiliate the Indian children were even more intolerable than private beatings. The evidence supnlied me by Commissioner Collier shows that these policies and regulations have been flaunted in certain institutions. Among thecases, all of them recently, which have been brought to my attention, there are instances of beatings by teachers; of Indian children compelled to kneel for many hours on concrete floors; of others required to stand for a quarter of a day immovable with their eyes fixed on a dead wall. Commissioner Collier has filed charges against five of the offenders, and I am on this date suspending these, along witv n additional two, all of whom will be dismissed from the servic( unless mitigating circumstances can be brought forward by them. In addition, I am requesting fuller information with regard to a number of other cases. The school forces of the Indian Service must understand that corporal punishment, and stupid, humiliating punishments of boys and girls, will not be tolerated. It is evident that superintendents and principals have not in all cases impressed this fact on their subordinates. I realize that you who are intrusted with the re ponsibility of educating young people have a difficult task, and that you can per orm it well only with the honest good will and intelligent cooperation of the Indian boys and girls themselves, their parents, and your co-workers. I want you to know that we in the Washington Office are behind you in every enlightened and sympathetic effor t you make, just as we are against everything that is stupid and cruel. We expect cooperation from the young people with whom and for vhom you work. A school and its disciplines are the joint responsibility of *he students and the teachers. HAROLD EKES Secretary of the Interior NOTE: This circular read to employees by Chas. E. Larsen Senior Clerk a* CIRCULAR 110. 3180 Rcvlccd PupllU hvelcal Jtaeinatloa and Health Itecord key 16, 1908. Thie circular refers to hsslth examinetione by advisors, physicians and nurscc. form 3*334 le the form to uee for tbls parpooe. Attendance at the :hysloal 1lamination: The presence of the boys ''advisor for ths boys end the gTrle*o advisor for ths s***8 the matron, or the cla eroon te char at the physical examination will help to eecure more effective follow*up* Thie per on should wake notatlonc (for later uee in eupervlelng the child's health) of comments relative to the child's needs which era given by the physician as he makes ths examination. Observations by Tot-chore and 0there: At the time of the phyelcal examination th ielon should request from classroom teachers, wctronc end advisors reports or their observations relative to the health problems of the individual child aa recorded on the teacher's auwsmry of health records and in health notcbookc* Bearing Defoctet Teachers end othere should loseto hard-of-hearing children through the dally observation of eigne of defective hearing and report then for hearing teste end diagnosis at the tine of the physieel examination. Routine teete for all children ehould not be attempted unleec epeciel te ting eppcratue is available* The phyoiclen should be furniehed et the time of the physical examination with a llet containing the name* of pupils shoving ony of the fo lowing eigne which often ocoompeny defective (c) Signs w-ieh may indicate defective hearing: 1* Failure to answer, giving of the wrong enewc or scying that , when addre sed. 8. 1nottention and failure to reapond when speaker cannot be eo n* 3. Feelel expression Indicating the child le not ewere U of all that Is ; olng on around him* 4. Expressionic88 voice. 5. Impe-feet epeech or hlgr, low or monotonous tone. 0. Poor erailing. Be low progress in learning* 8. Peculiar poaltion of head when listening. ossee of deafness originate from infections of the snr following neglected colds and communicable diseases. The Identification and successful trsstment of middle er infections is important in preventing impaired hearing. Teacher- end others should notch for signs which may lnd cats dieeaeee of the ears and sse thet these eeeec are referred to the Health Service for epecial attention. (b) StfBS which way accompany dlssases of the ears, that may eventually affect hear lagt 1. Discharge of the ears. 8. Soroche. 3* Difficulty in brenthing throu h the noes. 4. enlarged, infected tonsils. 5* .-ax or foreign objects in ths sar canal. Seating arrangements for children found defective In hesrlng should be mode in oeneultatlon with the physlolan.who gsve the ex em nation* A copy of this circular waa f mi shed all interested employeee end the SOpy should be on file in their office. In addition to the circular there ere also Supplemente Ho. 1, 8, 3, and 4* U 1327 Education Circular Ho. 3199 -oa 12, 1937 X-ray of lungs must be taken before any child may enter in competitive athletics TO ALL AGENCY AND 3CH00L RlNTSMDr Hereafter no child in any Indian school may participate in competitive athletics until a competent diagnostician on the baais of an x-ray of the lungs has pronounced the child free of pulmonary tuberculosis* The Medical Division of the Indian Service, through its hospitals and ;hyaieiana, will cooperate in making the nece ary examinations and diagnosing the plates wherever the facilities make such cooperation pee ible. Public hospitals, state university medical schools, and a variety of other agencies are already cooperating with many schools in the service to give effect to this ruling* It ia hoped that whexeve: lble ouch examinations may be extended throughout the entire student body. It was assumed that when this rule was announced in the November 1 issue of a announcement oulo. be cone trued as aee,uate instructions to proceed accordingly. However, it le apparent that in soma jurisdictions a familiar raimeogrn hed announcement Is looked for in confirmation. This may, therefore, be construed as a reiteration of the ruliu.j and a request that it be strictly observed* Copies cent to: .) J. J. Townsen Mr. Rlckaxd Director of Henlth. Dr. . Johnson Mr. dera Miss wentsel gt;gd.) flllard f Beatty, Mrs. Cassutt Director of Education. quot;b SCHOOL SONGS , JID TELLS The Bed and White i, we'll love thee forever, Thy staples and walnuts so fair. The sunlight that falls on the fir trees, Thy walks and thy flowers so rare, And over the wtstern mountains. Our banner is floating above, And dear to our uearte will be over, the school that we love. Chorus: OhJ here*o to our dear red and white; Tor you all our lives we will fight. Our homage we briug. The welkin shall ring. All hail to our dear rod and white. Thy sons and thy daughters so loyal, Proud to own the dear name that we bear. Tor the truth and the knowledge thou teaeheat We arc ready to fight and to dare; For our friendsip so valued we thank thee, Our grateful tribute we bring, All hail to our alma : ater, Chemawa, to thee we sing* 1 + SCHOOL SONGS AND TELLS 'On, Ch On, Chemawa, on Chenswal This is our war cry, Seep the good odd school before yon Never let it die. On, Chemawa, on Che Fight on for her Fight fight X fight fight J For Chemawa*s fair old name. Ray Ray, ray: Ray for the red and the white, Ray, ray, ray, rayl say for the red and the white. C. S. C. S. Chemawa, Chemawa, most win- Fight to tho finish: never give in. Y.ou do your best boyc, Wc*U do the rest hoys. Fight for the victory. Monotone C-H-E-M-A-W-A- a-a-a Rah, rah, rah, ruhj C. I. S. Ray, ray, ray, rayl C. I. S. R-r-r, R-r-r, R-r-rahJ GBEliMklll llllll JOLLY-UP . ROGRAM FOR KAY 29 auditorium 7;30 Dormitory Awards Beet Kept Room V.inona Hall Naomi j.esplie Thelma Frank 3est Kept Room UcNary Hall Large-Gerald Simpson, Jonot an : amuels, Taylor -rthur, Mils Enick. Small-Henry SiJohn, Hector 3azil Citizenship lonors (For boys and girls who have been the best citizens from all joints of view with good ra ings in school, In vocations, and with good records in the dormitory.) Best citizens, boys-Harry ilder Lovsy Jac-son Bsst citizena, girls-Iris Horsed Joseohins Leschi Vocational Awards Cog yfaeel (for best outstanding vocational students) Students who have earned the honor in previous yeare who ars again outstanding: Carpentry Vernon Jackson Printing -Harry Wilder Cooklnc Charles Sheldon Boys awarded this year: Auto Mechanics Gerald Smith Machine Shop William Slgo Spinning Wheel (for outstanding vocational -iris) Awarded last yeur and to receive honor a ain in c e Economics Vorna Rlggs Dstall Vork-Vernie Chojwood Commercial Martha Binghem Academic Awards Students in each class section with the hip e t averages for the year: Gl Class Iris Hogsed Bl Class Byron rchambault G2 Class Yernie Cho wood B2 Class Hsctor 3azil G3 Class Agnes Hall n* ni. , . a CLeaV am Bearcub G4 Class Elsis Contraro , B4 cTasfs--Leroy Wilder JOLLY*J TOR KAY 89 auditorium 7:30 cademlc / wards (Continued) Senior Commercial Harry wilder Junior Commercial-script project um Rides a Horse udente who earned a place on the honor roll for the entire year: Noble Sonderv11le rlene Bingham Music Awards For participation in music work, in ctoir end in group organisations during their hi h school yeare: Neoml Ucspllo Wilms Kes lie Charlee atton Henry SlJohn V.1 ... Seotemb r 11 *aahiagtos Ftigb et Portland e* P. it. Score CIS. Washington Hi It Comas High et Comae 6 P. I? Score CIS cemcs High mmm mm 5 aWaane Igk et Cbeemwe jseere CIS lugene High October 1 Ylllimook High et Tillimook 7:30 P. V* CL Tillimook lli *i I Seism Hifh et clem core CIS Selen High . IS Peclfle college et Meeberg 7:30 I * If* *oero CI . , Pacific Cellege mmmmmm It cast Lisa kndc at *eet lien Cli ect Linn rjeKenCic ot Ghenewe CIS M**in ie . beet linn nce t.t cbenewc November S 11 score CIS Core CIS .core CI?. II Peclfle College st Chemcen . i Score CIC fc Pacific College p H sears ( at score CIS i 2 M* r UN 1HI H gt; Mil IIFI IMI -llll H++II till M llll -IIH Mil llll -IUI 1 11+ Pant anil f ttamt (Ebfutauta. GDmjou WW WW B WW in WW m nw - in' ii 'W wn ww S.lem Indian School a W 1000 wn ww i ii mi ii ww . n u+ ii ii+u n+H II*- Kespectfully dedicated to the Earnest Boys and Gir/s ivho need ( hemawa i W mi*. M WW gt; WW ll . H M WW- 0m Wll WW WW WM .HH Wll l*eee HH Mil WW llll Wll WW IIM IMI WW H JAMBS H. McGregor Superintendent WW W ifW - *..- ** WW-ii WW i II i The Salem Indian Training School Success and failure mark the difference between the educated and the uneducated person. The educated man may exercise his preference regarding the selection of , niploxment; the ignorant fet/oic must accept what is offered him. Beautifully situated five miles north of Salem, the capital of the State of Oregon, is Chemawa, where is located the great government institution officially known as the Salem Indian Training School. This is the oldest school in the Indian Service and is one of the largest, as well as one of the best. No institution could be better located, considering the mission of the school the education of Indian youth. It is near enough to the City of Salem to profit in a cultural way from everything the city offers for the enlightenment of young people and yet just remote enough to provide the seclusion which is so necessary for the progress and well-being of the student. From every point of view the location of the school is admirable. It is of easy access and is both healthful and beautiful. The Southern Pacific Railroad passes through the campus, while the Oregon Electric Railway passes along the western edge of the large school farm, about one-third of a mile from the campus. The Pacific Highway, but a short walk to the east, furnishes a beautiful paved interstate drive-way for both private cars and auto-stages. Trains over either line, or automobiles on the highway, will carry one from Chemawa to Portland, the great metropolis of Oregon, within a couple of hours. So it is clear that Chemawa is right in the world. Our school is situated near the center of a large farm of a little more than 450 acres of as fine land as is to be found in the Willamette Valley, which is endorsement enough for both school and farm. The farm is nearly all in cultivation and is a great help in providing good things for the students' tables in lact it provides a finer bill of fare than is possible for any such school not possessed of as fine a farm as Chemawa. Another great and important feature of our farm is the training it affords boys who are studying agriculture in any of its various phases. Here the boys have training in general farming and gardening, in dairying, too, as a fine herd of high-bred Holstein cattle is kept on the farm. Considerable attention is devoted to hog-raisng, which has proved most profitable in every way. We have a fine poultry department, and this, too, provides opportunity for boys to acquire knowledge and proficiency in a business which is now one of the most important in the world and which is destined to become greater and greater in the years to come. All sorts of crops adaptable to this section of the country are raised + - wee HM*. ** ** ** -.* on the farm. There are orchards, also berry patches, which afford splendid schooling of a most practical character, as well as health- giving food. From the orchards and berry patches, aside from the fruit used in its natural state, thousands of jars of fruit are canned and stored for winter use. Our prune crops are dried in our own prune drier and kept for use during the off-season of the year. Kvery year Chemawa boasts a fine large truck patch. Every seasonable vegetable is raised in liberal quantities and the quality is alwa gt; - the very best. Squash, pumpkins, carrots, beets, apples, potatoes, parsnips, ruta bagas, onions, etc., are stored in great quantities for use during the winter. The student who comes to Chemawa has certainly chosen well from every sense, for he is afforded the best of food in abundance a d variety for both his mental and his physical well-being. Mow lei ib look closely at the .-.chool site: In the beginning of things at Chemawa the location of campus and buildings was a wise move. The campus of some forty acres occupies the highest and driest and best drained part of the large farm, all of which is most desirable from the standpoint of health in particular. About the campus are fir trees, now grown to considerable size, large walnut trees and maples, as well as quite a number and variety of ornamental trees and shrubs. All about the campus are cement walks and at night the grounds are electrically lighted, producing an effect which makes one think of Fairyland. Lots of roses line the walks and beautiful flowers are produced in season. The lawns are a beautiful green winter and summer. Much thoiu-ht and energy are devoted to making Chemawa beautiful most successfully, too. Some seventy buildings of various character, each for its own purpose, comprise the plant. At present there are in use three large dormitories for girls; there are also three very large and fine dormitories for boys. Both boys and girls are allowed to share rooms with another in their respective halls. From this it is easy to see that Chemawa is growing rapidly. All dormitories and other buildings are steam-heated and electrically lighted and all have hot and cold water in them. It seems fitting at this time to mention the fact that the school is blessed with a good sup- lily of the purest water a feature of greatest importance in the preservation of the health of pupils and employes. An immense heating system installed in 1922 at an approximate cost of 60,000.00 provides an abundance of heat during the chill of winter. The present attendance at the school is about 900, and there arc many students knocking at our doors all the time for admission. Owing to the lack of dormitory accommodations in the past it was necessary to refuse entrance to many applicants, but with the new dormitories it is expected that many more students can he enrolled possibly -.*- * - * - oca ww- up to 1,000 within the coming year. Engaged in various capacities at the institution there are about seventy employes, but with the growth of the school this number must necessarily be increased. This is essentially a vocational school a trade school, where attention is about equally divided in training both the hand and the mind. The value of manual excellence is stressed, that students may go forth on graduation equipped to do something. Co-ordinating with the manual training is an academic course which carries the pupils through the twelfth grade, or four years of high school. Who could want more than Chemawa offers? Boys have opportunities to take up tailoring, carpentry, printing, painting, plumbing, baking, shoe and harness-making, engineering (both steam and electrical), drafting, the machinist's trade, blacksmith- ing, masonry, all in addition to the courses afforded by the farm, garden and orchards above-mentioned. This seems like a splendid selection of vocational opportunities for boys who mean business. The courses for girls embrace everything worth while that comes under the head of Home Economics. They enjoy all of the academic privileges of the boys and specialize largely, and wisely, too, in domestic art and domestic science, both of which courses at Chemawa are unusually strong. It is perhaps proper to state that academically Chemawa stands as high, grade for grade, in the rating of her students as any of our public schools, and higher than many. There are altogether eight literary societies at Chemawa; all are active and doing good work. They are Excelsior, Nonpareil, Reliance, Winona, each with a junior society, the last four having been organized recently and consisting of lower grade pupils only. The work of the societies is most creditable and it is impossible to estimate the benefits which come to the members through their societies. Ease in public speaking, familiarity with parliamentary law, an awakening to those things which contribute to general culture are only a few of the outstanding features of a highly advantageous character by which students profit. We boast two full and active troop gt;of Boy Scouts. These troops are under the direct management of the disciplinarian of the school, George W. Bent, and no proof is needed of his great interest in these young Scouts. The value of this organization to our school, and to the boys themselves, is beyond compute. It is an organization of which all are justly proud and one which has already made its future safe. Chemawa students are allowed socials as often as is proper and these functions are always under the direct supervision of the Superintendent, or some responsible parly appointed by him, and the demeanor of the * wll. mm* ** gt; mm* ** *w wee*. students on these occasions reflects credit upon themselves and their school. A more civil and well-behaved lot of young people cannot be found anywhere. Religious training and instruction is supplied by capable and conscientious people who are especially fitted for the work and the fruit of the labors of these teachers is apparent on every hand. Two missionaries are supplied, Catholic and Protestant, who devote their entire time to the teaching and training of their charges. In addition to the above a non-sectarian service is held every Sunday evening, conducted by the Superintendent. These services are of a highly cultural and interesting character and are truly a strong and important feature of school life at Chemawa. Another feature which merits mention is the society known as the Sigma Phi Delta, composed wholly of Chemawa's upper grade young ladies whose deportment is above reproach. It is what may be called an honor society--membership in it is certainly an honor craved and appreciated by all of our young ladies. It was organized a number of ears ago. An organization for young men on similar lines is of more recent date and it is hoped that it may prove beneficial in every way. It is known as the Kappa Alpha. It now remains to speak of another feature in the life of our great Chemawa -athletics. From the beginning athletics have proved their worth in this school in ways too numerous to mention. It may be said that athletic training is based on physical culture and it is shared by both boys and girls. Instructors of experience give physical culture drills and exercises to classes of boys and girls daily. The importance of these drills and exercises can be told only by the evident health and vigor of our student body as a whole it is great Each in its season we have football teams, basketball teams (both boys and girls), baseball teams, track teams, etc., and invariably the showing made is to the credit of the institution as well as those taking a prominent part in the various athletic competitions. In line with what other schools and colleges are doing Chemawa has, during the past two seasons, developed a wrestling team of more than ordinary prowess. The showing made by the team against older and heavier and more experienced contestants has been a matter of considerable pride at Chemawa and we predict more and more interest ami greater success in the future. It has been found that athletics, under proper supervision, is a fine thing in school. Athletics contribute in a large way to the moral as well us physical well-being of a student body. A word for the purely intellectual side of our school life; We have a splendid library for the readers and the book worms revel in it. +* - + .- *B- -II++II llll- 1 In fact, the value of the library is inestimable, but in numerous ways the results are apparent. The school has a band and orchestra and those musically gifted are afforded opportunity to study and develop their gifts, also to delight all connected with the school by their musical contributions. A department of piano and vocal music is maintained and a fine choir of from thirty to forty voices form a pleasant feature of our regular Sunday evening chapel exercises. If possible, it is intended to inaugurate an even better and more comprehensive course of music than we have had heretofore. This should be good news for music lovers and those musically gifted students who may contemplate enrolling at Chemawa. From the above it will be seen that Chemawa possesses about everything desirable a complete little world by itself. All we offer to share with those who come for it, with the Indian boys and girls who know a good thing when they see it, and who desire something of merit and value. We have a splendid body of students many in numbers and a large in capacity -but we want to pass the good word and work along. In fact good work is the slogan at the school is our mission. We trust that the above will properly portray Chemawa as conditions are at present. It seems proper at this time to attempt to give something of the early history of Chemawa, and while the task will be a.- pleasurable one, it will be more or less difficult in a sense. Some of our past will be sustained by government records, but a little must be based upon hear say. What we may state on hear say we shall have considered well and shall have every reason to believe true. Early History It will be interesting to note a couple of telegrams in connection with the starting of our great school, although one is impressed on reading the telegrams with the fact that there must have been correspondence of at least a semi-official character previous to these telegrams. The first was addressed to M. C. Wilkinson, who established the school at Forest Grove, Oregon, February 25, 1880. Mr. Wilkinson was an officer in the regular army, a lieutenant in the Third Infantry. He was in charge of the school for almost three years. He later rose to the rank of major and it is sad to chronicle the fact that he was killed by a member of the race for which he had done so much and in whom he had so much faith. In 1889 he was ordered to quell a Chippewa Indian up-rising near Fort Snelling, Minnesota, and took a squad of soldiers with him for that purpose. During the melee a Chippewa Indian shot him. But we digress: * MM* w -II++II- tl* TKLHOKAM Washington, I). C, Nov. 11, 1879. M C. Wilkinson, l'*orest Grove, Oregon, Mail Nearest Point. Office grants yon gt;.S,00O.(K) for first year, but twenty-five children must In- educated instead of twelve. E. A. Hayt, Commissioner. TEI.KORA.M FortSt Grove, via Portland, Oregon. February 25, PS.SO. Secretary of Interior, Washington, I). C. School under way. Eighteen girls and boys. More ready to come. Need balance appropriation this fiscal year. M. C. Wilkinson. George F. Boynton was chosen principal teacher and Mrs. J. T. Huff was selected as matron. Four days after the establishment of the Normal and Industrial Training School, the title by which Chemawa was first known, Lieut. Wilkinson made the following report: Potest Grove, Oregon, Feb. 29, 1880. This school was opened February 25tb with eighteen scholars, 14 boys and 4 girls. The first session of school was held February 26th. Much is to be done in preparing the grounds about the school building; this will give manual labor for the boys until shops can be built ami the season for making garden comes. The girls will assist the matron in preparing the home. It is understood that this school when fall) organized will In- of the same character as that at Carlisle Barracks. The children are from the Puyallup Reservation, Puget Sound, all excepting one V squally l gt;oy. The winter has been so severe that it has been impossible to gather a large number of Indians. Twelve weeks covers time from the commencement of building until school was opened. The building is 32x6(1, two stories, with kitchen and wood shed. Altogether, school opened encouragingly; children happy and contented, working and studying heartily. M. C. Wilkinson, In charge of school, The first pupils were admitted to the school from Puyallup, Wash., Feb. 25, 1880, and were as follows: David E. Brewer, Henry Sicade, Jerry Meeker, Peter Stanup, Nugen Kautz, Agustus Kant/, Willie H. Wilton, Harry Taylor, Charles Ashue, Samuel Ashue, Samuel McCaw. Julia Taylor, Katie James, Annie Porter, Emma Kahuna, Peter Kalama (Nesqually). Edward Richard (Olympia) and Andrew Richard (Olym- pia). School was continued at Forest Grove until 1885 and it grew to such proportions that it became apparent to those in authority that arrangements for larger quarters, with ample provisions for expansion, would have to be made. A number of propositions were taken under advisement, but the present site, made possible through the hearty co-operation and good will of the Salem citizens, was finally selected as the permanent home of the school. On March 17, 1885, a party of young Indian boys in charge of David E. Brewer left Forest Grove for Chemawa to start clearing the present site of the school and to erect such crude buildings as were absolutely -*w- **+*- -* -II++H- necessary. Numerous more or less temporary buildings were constructed during the spring and summer and some garden truck was raised. In the fall Forest Grove was abandoned and Chemawa became a reality. School opened here for the first time on October 1st, 1885. It is proper at this time to state that the first class of graduates was turned out in 1885, so we conclude it must have graduated at Forest Grove, and the class of 1886 must have been the first at Chemawa proper. And in the years that followed hundreds of Indian boys and girls have been graduated from our beloved school and have gone forth courageously into the great outside and have waged battle sucessfully with credit to themselves and their great school. It is impossible to estimate the great good for our government that has accrued as interest on its investment of its dollars in Indian education. Looking at the matter from the proper angle it should be apparent to all that the government never made a better or wiser investment. It was a wise move in the start, and its continuous growth has proved this. Today- it is growing rapidly and no-one can foretell to what great heights our splendid institution will yet rise. Let us now look briefly at the earnest men who, each in his turn, were in charge of our school. In the infancy of the school, before its great value was apparent to our Indian fathers and mothers of the land, the superintendents were largely from necessity engaged in carrying the propaganda of the value of education to the Indians. At a later period the work of clearing land for tillage must have been uppermost in the minds of the superintendents. Then came the planting of orchards, of fencing, of putting up houses, etc. Little by little fine structures of a permanent character were added until today we can care for close to 1,000 pupils. Such a school as ours necessitates a considerable force of employes, whose qualifications should be of the highest. Let us now give a table of the superintendents, in the order in which they were in charge and the period of their service: Lieut. M. C Wilkinson - - - Feb. 25, 1880, to Feb. 10, 1883 H. J. Minthorn - - Feb. 11, 1883, to Nov. 20, 1884 W. V. Coffin ..... Nov. 21, 1884, to Sept. 30, 1883 John I,ee ...... Oct. 1, 1885, to Mar. 20. 1889 Win. H. H. Beadle .... Mar. 21, 1889, to Aug. 5, 1889 G. M. Irwin ..... Aug. 6, 1889, to Mar. 31. 1892 C. W. Wasson ----- Apr. 1, 1892, to Feb. 15, 1894 Jas. G. Dickson (Special Agent) - Feb. 16, 1894, to June 12, 1894 O. H. Parker - - - - June 13, 1894, to Sept. 14, 1894 Chas. R. Rakestraw (Supervisor) - Sept. 15, 1894, to Nov. 13, 1894 Edwin h. Chalcraft .... Nov. 14, 1894, to Mar. 31, 1895 Chas. R. Rakestraw Apr. 1, 1895, to Nov. 19, 1895 Thos. W. Potter .... Nov. 20, 1895, to Sept. 30, 1904 Edwin h. Chalcraft - - Oct. 1, 1904, to June 11, 1912 H. K. Wadsworth ----- June 23, 1912, to June 30, 1916 Harwood Hall - - - - July 1, 1916, to Mar. 31, 1926 James H. McGregor - - - - - Apr. 1, 1926, to the present There is just one additional item which on account of its special interest we wish to include in this brief history of our school, and that is that during the administration of President Harrison Chemawa was known for a short time as Harrison Institute. james h. McGregor, Superintendent. i - * ww *w ww ww ww ww w w ww ww ww m w. . WW WW WW WW Wll WW III iW IIWi i II* Wll WW I WW- Don't Put Things Off- Put Them Over. 1 +U ** WW WW WW WW W* ll W WW WW WW WW WW WW WW + 11 ll III HI Mil WW Wll Mil ll-Hrtl llll till MM Mil HII- llll l,-(. ACADEMIC WILDING AND .U'DIToRH'M FRITT ROOM IN STUDENTS' KITCHEN ii ww , ** ww wn w* alia an nn an an - Hl llll nil nil nil 11 ,,,, mi If lt;i n -+ HI HII ml Mil nil - imi i,,i - mi im- OUR GYMNASIUM - I I WW 1SL. 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